What is Fluconazole?

Fluconazole is a prescription azole antifungal medication used to treat serious fungal or yeast infections, including those affecting the vagina, mouth, throat, lungs, bladder, or blood. It comes in oral tablet, suspension, and injectable forms.

Conditions treated with fluconazole include vaginal candidiasis, oropharyngeal candidiasis, esophageal candidiasis, and cryptococcal meningitis. It may also be used to prevent fungal infections in individuals with weakened immune systems due to cancer treatments, conditions like AIDS, or life support.

Fluconazole works by inhibiting the enzyme lanosterol 14-alpha-demethylase, essential for producing ergosterol in fungal cell walls, thus disrupting fungal growth. This selective mechanism minimizes side effects.

Fluconazole was first approved by the FDA on January 29, 1990. Brand names include Diflucan, and generic versions are available.

What is Fluconazole Used For?

Fluconazole is used to treat:

• Vaginal candidiasis
• Oropharyngeal and esophageal candidiasis
• Candida urinary tract infections and peritonitis
• Systemic Candida infections
• Cryptococcal meningitis

It may also be used to prevent:

• Candidiasis in patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation
• Fungal infections in those with weakened immune systems

Swabs or specimens for fungal culture are recommended before starting fluconazole; however, treatment may begin before results are available.

Fluconazole Side Effects

Common side effects include:

• Headache
• Diarrhea
• Nausea
• Dizziness
• Stomach pain
• Changes in taste

Serious side effects include allergic reactions, liver injury, skin conditions, and adrenal insufficiency. Consult your doctor if you experience severe symptoms.

Before Taking This Medicine

Do not use fluconazole if you are allergic to it or similar antifungals. Inform your doctor of any medical conditions, especially liver or kidney issues, and any other medications you are taking.

How Should I Take Fluconazole?

Follow all directions on your prescription label. Fluconazole can be taken with or without food. For oral tablets or suspension, use a dosing device to measure your dose. Fluconazole injection is administered by a healthcare provider.

What Happens If I Miss a Dose?

If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. Skip it if it’s almost time for the next dose. Do not double up on doses.

What Happens If I Overdose?

Seek emergency medical attention if you overdose or contact Poison Help at 1-800-222-1222. Symptoms of overdose may include confusion or unusual behavior.

What to Avoid

Avoid activities that require alertness until you know how fluconazole affects you. Do not use it for conditions other than those prescribed.

Fluconazole Side Effects

Contact your doctor if you experience severe side effects such as:

• Severe allergic reactions
• Signs of liver problems
• Skin rash or lesions
• Fatigue or muscle weakness

What Other Drugs Will Affect Fluconazole?

Inform your doctor about all your current medications, including over-the-counter drugs, vitamins, and herbal products. Fluconazole can interact with many medications.

Frequently Asked Questions

• Does fluconazole flush out yeast/discharge?
• How long does fluconazole take to work?

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More About Fluconazole

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• Drug class: azole antifungals
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• Patient resources

Professional Resources

• Fluconazole monograph
• Fluconazole (FDA)

Related Treatment Guides

• Fungal Infections
• Yeast Infections

Further Information

Keep all medicines out of children's reach, never share your medication, and use fluconazole only as prescribed by your healthcare provider.

Consult your healthcare provider to ensure this information applies to your personal health circumstances.